Vol. 7, Issue 1, Part B (2025)

The conflict between the Democratic Republic of Congo and the March 23 Movement (M23) is arguably one of the oldest insecurity threats in the Great Lakes region. Built on the previous unrest and ethnic confrontation, M23 emerged in 2012 as a rebel group from the former Congolese rebels dissatisfied with the government's inaction in implementing previous agreements. While several efforts have been made to end the war, it has continued to be encouraged by outside players for control over the mineral wealth endowment of the DRC. The war has led to massive dislocation, massive loss of property wealth, and a pressing humanitarian crisis, and any elements of these that are built have been reversed by continuous violence. The value of this study can be highlighted in an attempt to explain why this war has not ended despite several efforts by diplomats. In the case of the Confederacy, the major foreign allies and their function to maintain the war were the following. The paper also assesses the lack of intervention by the mediator organizations of the regional organization, African Union, and United Nations. The report also calculates the social and financial loss and damages that have resulted from war and conflicts, including refugee crises and loss of properties and resources. It finally offered suggestions for long-term peace with enhanced policing measures, smart sanctions, an interdependent economy, and a good governance program. The best remedy to these problems lies in determining lasting peace and stability and preventing future aggression.